Within the UAE this species occurs throughout the Hajar Mountains, but has also been recorded from Jebel Hafeet (Jongbloed et al. 2003). In general it appears to persist at low to medium elevations (Feulner 2011). Globally, the native range of this species spans from Oman and the UAE to Iran and Pakistan (Board of Trustees, RBG Kew 2019).

Within the UAE, this species is known from hills near to Dibba and Masafi (in the northeast of the country) in addition to the Ru'us al-Jibal (Jongbloed et al. 2003, MEW 2010). It has been recorded from elevations above 300 m (Jongbloed et al. 2003). Globally, the native range of this species extends from northern Africa to Turkey, the Arabian Peninsula and Iran (Board of Trustees, RBG Kew 2019).

This species is widespread in the sandy desert areas of the UAE although absent from the southern part of Abu Dhabi Emirate (Jongbloed et al. 2003, MEW 2010). The Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh Herbarium catalogue holds two records of this species in the UAE, both from 1982; <a href=""http://data.rbge.org.uk/herb/E00443461"">Abu Dhabi Island</a>, and from an area of <a href=""http://data.rbge.org.uk/herb/E00443476"">irrigated trees near Al Ain</a>. The global range of this species is from Egypt and north-east Africa, through the Arabian Peninsula to Iran (unconfirmed) and Pakistan (Board of Trustees, RBG Kew 2019).

Within the UAE, this species is recorded to occur within the Hajar Mountains (Jongbloed et al. 2003). The Wadi Wurayah National Park is believed to be the northern most point of its distribution in the UAE (Feulner 2016). Globally, the native range of this species spans from Cape Verde through central and eastern Africa to the Arabian Peninsula and India (Board of Trustees, RBG Kew 2019).

Within the UAE, this species is widespread throughout the Hajar Mountains (Jongbloed et al. 2003). The species also occurs on Jebel Hafeet (<a href=""https://data.rbge.org.uk/search/herbarium/?specimen_num=416878&cfg=zoom.cfg&filename=E00375048.zip"">RBGE, coll. R. Western 1982</a>, <a href=""https://data.rbge.org.uk/search/herbarium/?specimen_num=83937&cfg=zoom.cfg&filename=E00076673.zip"">RBGE J.N.B. Brown 1983</a>, Fawzi and Ksiksi 2012) and is present within Wadi Wurayah National Park (WWNP; Feulner 2016). Additional RBGE Herbarium records for the UAE are from Wadi Assima, Dibba Plain (west of Dibba town), and the mountains near Masafi. The species occurs rarely in the Ru'us al-Jibal, known from three scattered localities from 450-1,100 m asl, however it is not known if these are within the UAE (Feulner 2011). The global range of this species is through the Arabian Peninsula to Iran and Pakistan (Board of Trustees, RBG Kew 2019).

In the UAE, this species occurs in the Hajar Mountains to the Ru'us al-Jibal (Jongbloed et al. 2003, Feulner 2011). Globally, the species ranges from the Arabian Peninsula to Afghanistan and Pakistan, north to Central Asia (Board of Trustees, RBG Kew 2019).

In the UAE, the species is found in scattered localities, primarily along the Arabian Gulf coast (Western 1983), including some near-shore islands, from Tarif west to Ghantoot, with further scattered records from Al Ain, Hatta, and along the east coast plain (Jongbloed et al. 2003, MEW 2010, Feulner 2016). Feulner (2011) recorded the species from Wadi al-Qaliddi in the south-west of the Ru'us al-Jibal, below 500 m asl. The global range of this species is across northern parts of Africa, through the Arabian Peninsula, and east to India (Board of Trustees, RBG Kew 2019).

In the UAE, the species occurs in the Hajar Mountains and the Ru'us al-Jibal as well as on some offshore islands (Western 1994, Jongbloed et al. 2003), on Jebel Dhanna (Western 1983), and on Jebel Hafeet (Western 1994). The species is common in the Ru'us al-Jibal up to c. 1,000 m asl (Feulner 2011). It is possible that some occurrences are the result of cultivation. Globally, the species occurs around much of the Mediterranean basin, through the Arabian Peninsula (but excluding the UAE), and parts of Central Asia (Board of Trustees, RBG Kew 2019).

This species is widespread in the Hajar Mountains in the eastern UAE (Jongbloed et al. 2003) and present in the Ru'us al-Jibal (Feulner 2011), and occurs along ridgetops in the 'Olive Highlands' (Feulner 2014). It is present in Wadi Wurayah National Park (Feulner 2016). Globally, this species is considered native to north-east Africa and the Arabian Peninsula (Board of Trustees, RBG Kew 2019). However, Plants of the World Online does not list the UAE as native country of occurrence for this species.

The species is common and widespread along coasts in the UAE, but also found inland, although absent from deeper and mobile sandy areas and from steeper and higher mountains.The species is endemic to the Arabian Peninsula (Oman to Qatar; Board of Trustees, RBG Kew 2019). The species is also reported for Bahrain, and likely also occurs in Saudi Arabia.