Only 1 completely wild population in Uganda (MFNP). Over 2 generations the population of MFNP has fluctuated from an estimated 575 (1970s) to 5 in 1980 and back to 880 (WCS 2014) including juveniles. Previous wild population in KVNP considered unviable as numbers had dropped to 4 animals by 1991 and despite reintroductions the numbers are now still only 20 with little recruitment. Only introduced populations now occur in Kenya: Lake Nakuru (where numbers still declining) and other fenced sites in Kenya. VU listing as AOO (MFNP north of Nile) 1798km2 but suitable habitat more limited so should be upgraded and in reality

Arcording to Kingdon et al 2013, the species is endemic to Rwenzori Mts, specimens only known from the Ugandan side but may occur on the Congo side. Has a very small geographic distribution but with the high altitude habitats where it occurs relatively un affected by human activities. Assumed very small numbers

IUCN lists as present in only 3 forests in Uganda but WCS records show presence also in EA1-3. The records from Kyulu Hills in Kenya are possibly not this species and therefore is endemic and likely to be threatened globally. AOO from 3 forests nominally 597km2 but in fact much less due to degradation and continuing decline expected due to habitat loss in most of remaining forest areas. However recent record in EA2 may show that this species is more widespread in Uganda (though scarce) and persists outside PA's where any remaining wetlands are under severe pressure.

Only found in 1 location. Presumed presence in DRC otherwise may be endemic to Uganda.

Only one known population

Only occasional camera trap photos have been recorded for Uganda in a few forest reserves. Data on populations largely lacking, but evidence of decline confirmed in Bwindi (B. Mugerwa, 2015) and few camera trap records noted in Maramagambo (D.R. Mills). Recent taxonomic review has placed in same genus as Caracal. Combined AOO less 1919km, but population estimates suggest upgrading. Population less threatened in Kibale despite snaring, possibly due to absence of leopards (D.R. Mills 2014). A forest/farmland overlap survey showed they do not leave the forest edge, even to travel down swamp/bush valleys. Uganda is probably one of the range states where the population has declined the most due to extensive forest clearing in the past and now largely confined to PA's. ANY change in poaching/logging levels or enforcement (will or capacity) could easily extirpate populations from the small refuges in which they currently persist.

EOO and AOO only 1 location, Lake Mburo is 370km2 and area outside in rapid decline and does not exceed 500km2 total. Decline from 1992 with 18,700 to 1999 with 1500, but recovered somewhat to approximately 3500 in 2006 (aerial survey UWA). Note: Populations translocated from Lake Mburo to Katonga Widlife Reserve in 2013 have not been included.